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Relations between smoking in pregnancy and congenital malformations of the fetus.
Labarca Oliva, Tomás.
Escuela de Obstetricia, Universidad de Chile.



Abstract
Aims To identify the relationship between smoking in pregnancy and congenital malformations in newborns. All this to educate mothers about the risks of bad habits like the smoking.
Methods The study was done in the public health primary care in Independencia for a year (2010). We surveyed all pregnant women attending prenatal about their habits, specifically smoking and alcohol during pregnancy.Then, we compared these results with reports of malformations in these pregnant women in the postpartum period of this year.
Results There were 2,532 births in public clinics throughout the year 2010. Of all births, 23% of pregnant women said they occasionally smoking during pregnancy. Our study was based on that 23%. These 582 children were examined and 129 were detected malformations and a high percentage (78%) of mothers said they smoked at the start of pregnancy. 85% of thesemalformations were associated with central nervous system.Note that these 129 defects represent 45% of total congenitalmalformations of Independencia.
Conclusions The research results showed that there is a strong link between smoking during pregnancy and congenital malformations in newborns. Also be noted that a high percentage is associated with smoking in early pregnancy, it would be at this stage where the developing fetus would fail. This is very important, especially for obstetrics because it shows that many defects could be avoided and it is our job to educate mothers (in prenatal attention) about the effects of smoking in pregnancy for reduce the number of congenital malformations.
Keywords Smoking Pregnancy Congenital Malformations